Irrigation Systems
Landscapers have adopted a variety of new irrigation practices and technologies for lawns in recent years for the conservation of water and plant growth. An irrigation system as simple as a sprinkler connected to a garden hose or an ultramodern automatic irrigation system to enhance the landscape with greener lawns and beautiful gardens gives added value to a residence. Programmed irrigation improves application uniformity, reduces runoff, reduces the amount of water that will be leached below the root zone of the plants, reduces the ground water pollution by pesticides, reduces the time needed to water, conserves water, and promotes plant growth. The automatic sprinkler system can increase the efficiency of using water in the landscape. The use of an irrigation system can deliver the optimum volume of water used by the plants, automatically.
Basically the automatic irrigation system has three major parts: sprinklers, valve controller, and computerized timer. The sprinklers are the part that distribute the precise water coverage of the area without gaps or runoff. There are several basic engineered designs of lawn sprinklers for residential use. For smaller lawn areas, other ground covers, and shrubs, an affixed spray sprinkler or drip irrigation is used, whereas for larger areas various rotary (pop-up spray heads) sprinklers are used.
Although several sprinklers are available, the rotary (pop-up) spray heads are more common in landscapes. They are installed underground and rise above the lawn surface to spray the water in a full circle pattern or a portion of a circular pattern with a 20- to 50-foot radius. The heads have an adjustment radius for various irregular areas. All sprinklers should be connected to the lateral lines with a super funny pipe that allows you to position the sprinkler. In addition, this funny pipe acts as an extension cord between the sprinkler line and the sprinkler head and protects the water line from breaking if something hits the head.
The valve controller controls the water flow to the sprinkler. This controller directs the flow of water to each of the irrigation zones in the landscape.
Computerized timers are the brains of the irrigation system. The timer controls the actual time of day the sprinkler operates and the amount of water to apply.
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